DAMPAK DEREGULASI PERDAGANGAN TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN USAHATANI JAGUNG DI PULAU LOMBOK

THE IMPACT OF TRADE DEREGULATION ON CORN FAM DEVELOPMENT IN LOMBOK ISLAND

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis keunggulan komparatif usahatani jagung di Pulau Lombok, (2) menganalisis dampak deregulasi perdagangan terhadap pengembangan usahatani jagung di Pulau Lombok. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan tersebut adalah survei sampel terhadap petani dan pedagang jagung. Model analisis yang digunakan Analisis Matriks Kebijaksanaan (Policy Analysis Matriks=PAM) yang meliputi: rasio biaya sumberdaya domestik (DRCR), koefisien proteksi input nominal (NPCI), koefisien proteksi output nominal (NPCO), dan koefisien proteksi efektif (EPC).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pengembangan usahatani jagung di Pulau Lombok memiliki keunggulan komparatif cukup tinggi seperti terlihat dari nilai DRCR 0,144; (2) dampak kebijakan pemerintah dalam subsidi input (pupuk) saat ini kurang nyata memberikan insentif terhadap petani jagung, sebab harga input yang diterima petani lebih tinggi daripada harga sosial yang seharusnya, seperti tercermin dari nilai NPCI 1,024 dan IT 49.814; (3) dampak kebijakan pemerintah dalam pasar output berpengaruh negatif terhadap harga jagung, sebab harga jagung yang diterima petani lebih rendah daripada harga sosial yang seharusnya, seperti tercermin dari nilai NPCO 0,922 dan OT -150.489; (4) dampak kebijakan pemerintah dan mekanisme pasar input-output yang berlaku kurang memberikan rangsangan (disinsentif) terhadap produsen jagung di Pulau Lombok, sehingga nilai tambah yang diperoleh petani, lebih  rendah daripada yang seharusnya diterima, sebagaimana tercermin dari nilai EPC 0,915 dan EPR -0,198.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to: (1) analyze the comparative advantage of maize farming in the island of Lombok, (2) to analyze the impact of deregulation of trade to the development of maize farming in the island of Lombok. The method used to answer the purpose was a sample survey on farmers and corn traders. The analysis used the model of Matrix Analysis Policy, covering domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR), input nominal protection coefficient (NPCI), output nominal protection coefficient (NPCO), and effective protection coefficient (EPC).

The results showed that: (1) the development of maize farming in the island of Lombok has a comparative advantage is fairly high as seen from DRCR of 0.144; (2) the impact of government policies on input subsidies (fertilizer) is currently less tangible to growers of corn, because input prices received by farmers is higher than the social price that should be, as reflected in the value of IT NPCI 1.024 and 49 814; (3) the impact of government policy on output market negatively affect the price of corn, because corn prices received by farmers is lower than the social price that should be, as reflected in the value NPCO 0.922 and OT -150 489; (4) the impact of government policies and market mechanisms input-output prevailing provide less incentives for corn producers in the island of Lombok, so the added value obtained by farmers, lower than it should be accepted, as reflected in the value of EPC 0.915 and EPR -0.198.