3. Optimalisasi Usahatani Sayuran Dataran Tinggi Sembalun, Lombok Timur

Optimalization of Up-Land Vegetables Farming in of Sembalun, East Lombok Regency

Abstract

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pendapatan petani dari berbagai usahatani sayuran serta menentukan kombinasi usahatani sayuran optimal yang memaksimumkan pendapatan petani sayuran di dataran tinggi Sembalun, Lombok Timur.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik survey.  Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah usahatani sayuran di dataran tinggi Sembalun, Lombok Timur.  Dua desa sampel ditentukan secara purposive sampling atas pertimbangan luas areal panen dan jenis usahatani sayuran yang bervariasi. Jumlah responden petani sebanyak 30 orang ditentukan secara random sampling. Untuk menganalisis data digunakan analisis pendapatan dan Linear Programming.Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan adalah: (1) rata-rata luas lahan garapan petani sayuran di wilayah dataran tinggi Sembalun adalah 0,27 ha dan terdapat 6 jenis komoditas sayuran yang dominan diusahakan petani meliputi wortel, kentang, buncis, kubis, bawang daun dan kembang kol; (2) pendapatan petani dari usahatani  wortel sebesar Rp.4.272.161,00/grp, kentang Rp. 8.515.629,00/grp, buncis Rp.2.693.871,00/grp, kubis Rp. 5.339.323,00/grp, bawang daun Rp.4.790.957,00/grp dan kembang kol sebesar      Rp.4.440.899,00/grp; (3) usahatani seluas rata-rata 0,27 ha (luas lahan garapan) dapat dioptimalkan dengan kombinasi usahatani kentang seluas 8,3 are; buncis 2 are; kubis 11,4 are dan usahatani bawang daun seluas 5,3 are; (4) solusi optimal dapat memaksimumkan pendapatan petani sebesar Rp. 6010646,00. Untuk mengoptimalkan usahatani sayuran dengan rata-rata lahan garapan 0,27 are, pola usahatani yang dianjurkan adalah usahatani kentang seluas 8,3 are; buncis 2 are; kubis 11,4 are dan usahatani bawang daun seluas 5,3 are.

Abstract

The objectives of the research are to analyze farmer’s income in various farming of vegetables and determine optimal combination of vegetables farming that maximize farmer’s income in up-land of Sembalun, East Lombok.This research used descriptive method and data collecting conducted by survey technique. Analyzing unit in this research were vegetables farming in up-land of Sembalun, East Lombok. Two sample villages determined by purposive sampling based on harvested area and various vegetables farming. There were 30 respondent farmers determined by random sampling. Data analysis used income analysis and apllied Linear Programming.The results of the research are as follows: (1) the average of cultivated area of vegetables farming in up-land of Sembalun was about 0.27 ha and there were 6 dominant commodities that cultivated by farmers, namely: carrot, potato, beans, cabbage, leaf-onion, and cauliflower; (2) Carrot farming gave farmer’s income of Rp 4,272,161.00/ca (cultivated area), and potato, beans, cabbage, leaf-onion, and cauliflower gave Rp 8,515,629.00/ca, Rp 2,693,871.00/ca, Rp 5,339,323.00/ca, Rp 4,790,957.00/ca, and Rp 4,440,899.00/ca, respectively; (3) farming area of 0.27 acre can be optimized by arranging farming patterns, namely: potato 8.3 acre; beans 2 acre; cabbage 11.4 acre and cauliflower 5.3 acre; (4) the optimal solution can maximize farmer’s income of Rp 6,010,646.00. In order to optimize the vegetables farming of 0.27 acre cultivated area in up-land of Sembalun, the following farming patterns that recommended to each farming were distributed, namely: potato 8.3 acre; beans 2 acre; cabbage 11.4 acre and cauliflower 5.3 acre, respectively.